1.“巖石模型”虛擬儀器庫中的自動拼搭系統
毛永芳， 秦樹人， 秦 毅 （重慶大學機械學院測試中心，重慶 400044）
摘 要：在分析“巖石模型”大型虛擬儀器庫庫中資源的基礎上提出了一種可在該儀器庫中實現虛擬儀器自動化拼搭的系統結構并給出了系統的工作流程。對此自動拼搭系統進行了方案設計，并對其決策控制環節、現有資源的分類管理模式和方法以及關系數據庫和規則集的建立進行了研究。虛擬儀器的自動拼搭能極大程度地降低虛擬儀器的開發要求，并能對虛擬儀器的推廣起到一定的促進作用。
關鍵詞：巖石模型；虛擬儀器；自動拼搭；神經網絡；規則提取；資源管理
中圖分類號：TD315+.3 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0001-03
Automatic assembling system in rock model based virtual instrument bank
MAO Yong-fang， QIN Shu-ren， QIN Yi
（Test Center of Mechanical Engineering Department， Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044，China）
Abstract： Based on the analysis of resources in the rock model based large virtual instrument repository, the paper proposed a systematic structure which can realize the automatic assembling of virtual instruments in this instrument repository and come up with its flow of work. Design of the system included the design of the decision and control segment, the management mode and method of assorting resources and relation data bank and rule collection building. The automatically assembling of virtual instruments reduces the demand of experience and knowledge for virtual instrument developing, and promotes the wide use of virtual instruments.
Key words： Rock model; Virtual instrument; Automatically assembling; Neural network; Rule abstracting; Resource management
2.圖像處理在密封條尺寸測量中的應用研究
蔡漢明， 劉國霞， 趙利偉， 王曉波 （青島科技大學機電工程學院， 山東 青島 266061）
摘 要：通過工業攝像機獲取密封條的圖像，采用數字圖像處理技術對圖像進行分析處理和分析，實時提取密封條的幾何特征，即密封條的寬度或厚度，可實現密封條的在線實時測量。但其測量精度會受一些條件的影響，如光線環境、圖像采集設備的分辨率以及各種干擾等。文章討論了密封條在線檢測中的圖像處理問題，對實現密待條的在線實時檢測提供可能。
關鍵詞：圖像處理；二值化；中值濾波；CCD；密封條
中圖分類號：TP751 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0004-03
Study of the image processing in the sealing strip’s measuring system
CAI Han-ming， LIU Guo-xia， ZHAO Li-wei， WANG Xiao-bo
（Qingdao University of Science and Technology，Qingdao 266061，China）
Abstract： Sealing strip’s measuring system is use to improve the quality and the efficiency of the sealing strip. This design used the lighting image theory and the digital image processing techology. The aim of making use of the methods of image processing is to get the information of the products. Median filtering, dichotomy and so on are being used in the measuring system. Delphi is used in the system as a kind of programming language. Finally the sealing strip measuring system is implemented by the software.
Key words： Image processing; Dichotomy; Median filtering; CCD; Sealing strip
3.金屬疲勞斷裂的聲發射檢測技術
周 潔， 毛漢領， 黃振峰， 曾德良（廣西大學機械工程學院，廣西 南寧 530004）
摘 要：疲勞斷裂是金屬結構的主要失效形式，通過金屬疲勞斷裂時聲發射特征參數的提取，建立了聲發射特征參數和裂紋擴展速率之間的關系，由試樣的三點彎曲疲勞試驗，證明采用聲發射技術監測疲勞裂紋的擴展，不僅與疲勞裂紋擴展的變化規律相似，而且能實時的捕捉到疲勞裂紋的產生。
關鍵詞：疲勞斷裂；聲發射；參數分析；疲勞裂紋擴展
中圖分類號：TB559 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0007-03
Acoustic emission technique for the detecting of metal fatigue fracture
ZHOU Jie， MAO Han-ling， HUANG Zhen-feng， ZENG De-liang
（Guangxi University，Nanning 530004，China）
Abstract： Fatigue fracture is the main style of failure in metal structure. To extract the features of the detected crack, two equations are cited to set up the correlation between AE parameters and crack propagation velocity. According to the experimental results of three-point bending specimen, acoustic emission techniques monitoring fatigue crack propagation is certificated not only to resemble variable rule of fatigue crack propagation, but also to catch generation of fatigue crack in real time.
Key words： Fatigue fracture; Acoustic emission; Parameter analysis; Fatigue crack propagation
4.在線工業鍍層及涂層厚度分析儀
任家富， 庹先國， 林 娟， 穆克亮， 陶永莉
（成都理工大學信息工程學院，四川 成都 610059）
摘 要：產品和金屬元件表面鍍層或防腐層厚度是與產品質量與性能相關的重要指標。為滿足分析要求，介紹了自行研制的同位素X射線熒光分析儀的主要技術方法及具體應用。實際應用效果表明該分析儀在對工業鍍層和汽車涂層厚度進行在線測量時其測量精度可達2%~4%，是一種具有快速、簡便、無損等優點的新型分析方法。
關鍵詞：同位素X射線熒光光譜；鍍層；涂層；厚度；在線測量
中圖分類號：TG141 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0010-03
Online analysis instrument of industry plates layer and thickness of coating
REN Jia-fu， TUO Xian-guo， LIN Juan， MU Ke-liang， TAO Yong-li
（School of Information Engineering，Chengdu University of Technology，Chengdu 610059，China）
Abstract： It is well known that the surface coating or antiseptic layer of thickness of the product and metal components is the important index related to product’s quality and performance. In order to meet the analysis requirement, this article introduced the main technological method and concrete application of the independently developed isotope X fluorogenic analysis instrument. The practical application effect indicated this analyzer when carries on the on-line survey to industry coating and automobile coating thickness its measuring accuracy may reach 2%~4%. It is a kind of new-type analytical method with advantage such as being fast, simple, convenient and no harm.
Key words： Isotope X ray fluorescence spectrum； Plate layer； Coating； Thickness； Measure online
5.測試中測量點的最優分布
王 川（武漢職業技術學院電子信息工程系，湖北 武漢 430074）
摘 要：測試中測量點布置的越多，測試結果就越真實，但測試過程也就越復雜。一種新的基于數值試驗的測點優化布置方法，可減少測量點，也能得到較完整、真實的測試數據，減少工作量、降低測試成本、提高測量精度。用本方法布置測點與用經驗方法有很大的不同，這種方法的擬合誤差較小，有廣闊的應用前景。
關鍵詞：測試；試驗；測點布置；優化；精度
中圖分類號：O212 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0013-03
Optimization survey station collocation in experimentation
WANG Chuan
（Department of Electronic Information and Engineering,Wuhan Technical College，Wuhan 430074，China）
Abstract: In testing, the more survey stations are collocated, the result of test is the more true, and the process of test is the more complex. The new method of the optimization survey station collocation which is based on numerical experimentation can reduce measuring points, make the integral and true test data, decrease workload, reduce the testing cost and increase the measuring accuracy. The survey station collocation method is quite different from the rule of thumb. This new method has less error of fitting. This paper gave out the example of application to make out the value of this method.
Key words: Test; Experimentation; Survey station collocation; Optimization; Precision
6.電磁兼容試驗設備的校準——靜電放電發生器校準裝置
鐘國林， 張朝軍， 堯冬梅（中國測試技術研究院，四川 成都 610021）
摘 要：建立的電磁兼容試驗設備標準裝置——靜電放電發生器校準裝置，具有－3dB信號帶寬為1GHz，采樣速率為5GSp/s，且對靜電電壓高達±8kV，電流高達±30A的放電電流波形具有頻譜及脈沖波形保真度。該裝置能對靜電放電發生器及類似設備進行校準或校驗（復雜脈沖波形復現與量值溯源）。其校準不確定度為4.6%（k＝2）。該裝置采用專用精密電流傳感器（放電靶）將放電電流波形轉換（采樣）為低電平電壓波形，經恰當衰減后直接進入1GHz帶寬的數字存儲示波器進行顯示和測量，還可對測量結果和波形進行存儲和彩色打印。
關鍵詞：靜電放電發生器；校準裝置；存儲示波器；電流傳感器
中圖分類號：TP216 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0016-03
Calibration equipment for electromagnetic compatibility（EMC）testing system
——electrostatic discharge generator calibration equipment
ZHONG Guo-lin， ZHANG Chao-jun， YAO Dong-mei
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Chengdu 610021, China）
Abstract: Recently， a calibration equipment for the electromagnetic compatibility（EMC）testing system－the electrostatic discharge generator calibration equipment has successfully established by the National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology（NIMTT）. The -3dB signal bandwidth for the equipment is 1GHz. The sample acquisition rate is 5GSp/s. The electrostatic voltages that can be calibrated is high up to ±8kV. The current to be calibrated is ±30A. It is a research tool for the evaluation of impulse waveform on electrostatic discharge generator or correlative products. The uncertainty of calibration is 4.6%（k＝2）. The discharge current waveforms of the equipment pass through the appropriate current transducer are converted to a low level voltage. The attenuated voltage is fed directly to digital memory oscilloscope which bandwidth is 1GHz for display and measurement. In additional, the measured results can be printed.
Key words： Electrostatic discharge generator； Calibration equipment； Memory oscilloscope； Current transducer
7.數控微波組件的工程測試方法
王占利， 臧 寧（中國電子科技集團電子十三研究所，河北 石家莊 050051）
摘 要：以數控衰減器為例，介紹了一種采用C++builder編寫控制程序，利用GPIB控制矢量網絡分析儀對數控微波組件進行自動測試的方法。測試軟件向基于RS232的通訊控制板發送控制碼，通過GPIB總線接口從測試儀器獲取測試數據，使用Matlab對數據處理后，對數據進行在線下載，實現對數控組件的自動化數據采集和自動化測試。該方法可提高組件的測試效率，提高測量結果的準確度，對工程應用有重要的現實意義。
關鍵詞：微波組件；數控衰減器；自動測試；GPIB；Matlab ；C++Builder
中圖分類號：TN61 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0019-03
Measurement method of digital microwave modules
WANG Zhan-li， ZANG Ning
（13th research institute of CETC，Shijiazhuang 050051，China）
Abstract： Taking example for digital attenuator, this article introduce how to write a C++Builder program to control network analyzer by GPIB interface for auto-measurement of digital microwave modules. The software sends controlling codes to controlled PCB by RS232, then receives the measured data from GPIB. The data is programmed on-line after the data processed by Matlab. By this way, it realized the auto data storage and auto measurement of digital modules. This method is important to the most projects.
Key words： Microwave modules；Dgital attenuator；Auto-measurement；GPIB；Matlab；C++Builder
8.基于分數階Fourier變換的機械變速過程信號分析
張 潔1， 蔣海英1， 林建輝2
（1.西南交通大學機械工程學院，四川 成都 610031；2.西南交通大學牽引動力國家重點實驗室，四川 成都 610031）
摘 要：研究了旋轉機械的變速測量過程，通過引入分數階傅立葉變換（FRFT），推導證明了分數階傅立葉變換對掃頻信號具有良好的時頻聚焦性，因此應用分數階傅立葉變換來分析旋轉機械的變速過程的測量信號，可以有效地解決機械轉速不恒定對信號分析的影響，提高信號分析、狀態監測以及故障診斷的準確性。
關鍵詞：變速過程；掃頻信號；分數階傅立葉變換
中圖分類號：TP302.7 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0022-02
Signal analysis of mechanical modulated velocity processes based on the fractional fourier transform
ZHANG Jie1， JIANG Hai-Ying1， LIN Jian-hui2
（1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China；
2.National Traction Power Lab.，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China）
Abstract: The mechanical modulated velocity processes was treated. The Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) was applied to find the super properties in time-frequency plane about the chirp signal. So it could eliminate the influence of the uneven rotating velocity on signal analysis. It is useful in signal analysis and system detection and fault diagnosis on mechanical modulated velocity processes.
Key words: Modulated velocity processes; Chirp signal; Fractional fourier transform（FRFT）
9.脈沖自觸發高精度測距技術的設計與實現
王 源， 秦開宇 （電子科技大學，四川 成都 610054）
摘 要：介紹了把脈沖自觸發技術與雙光路誤差模型應用于激光測距系統，從而完成精密距離測量的一種測量技術。探討了將脈沖自觸發技術、恒比值時點判別技術以及光路系統誤差修正技術相結合而實現的高精度時間測量的測量原理與實現，并根據實驗結果進行了定性分析。
關鍵詞：激光測距；脈沖自觸發；飛行時間；恒比值判別；高精度
中圖分類號：TN247 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0024-03
Design and realization of range testing by self-triggering pulse laser
WANG Yuan， QIN Kai-yu
（University of Electronic Science and Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract: This paper introduced a new laser range testing method which has high precision based on the Self-triggering Pulsed technology and the error model. The technologies of Self-triggering Pulsed, Constant Fraction Discriminator and the system error model, which were used for the high precision laser range finding, were presented in this paper. In the end, experiment result was presented, which was consistent with theories used in the laser range testing system.
Key words: Laser arrange finding； Self-triggering pulsed； Time of flight； Constant fraction discriminator； High precision
10.用動態熱機械分析儀研究橡膠的低溫動態力學性能
呂明哲， 李普旺， 黃茂芳， 高天明
（中國熱帶農業科學院農產品加工研究所，廣東 湛江 524001）
摘 要：介紹了動態機械熱分析儀（DMA）在天然橡膠研究領域中的應用。利用DMA研究了天然橡膠及其改性物的低溫動態力學性能，測定了樣品的動態力學性能參數，并應用動態力學性能的時溫疊加（TTS）原理，由WLF方程的常數C1和C2進一步計算出材料的脆性參數。
關鍵詞:天然橡膠；動態熱機械分析；動態力學性能；脆性參數；低溫
中圖分類號：TQ336.5 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0027-03
Studies on dynamic mechanical property of natural rubber at low temperature
by using dynamical mechanical analyzer
LV Ming-zhe， LI Pu-wang， HUANG Mao-fang， GAO Tian-ming
（Institute of South China Tropical Agricultural Product Processing，Zhanjiang 524001，China）
Abstract: In this paper, the application of the Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analyzer on the research of the natural rubber（NR） was introduced. The dynamic mechanical property of the NR and modified-NR at low temperature was studied by DMA. The parameters of dynamic mechanical property of NR samples were tested. The authors calculated the fragility parameters of the samples based on the time-temperature superposition principle of dynamic mechanical performance and the constants C1 and C2 of the WLF equation.
Key words: Natrual rubber； Dynamic mechanical analyzer； Dynamic mechanical property； Fragility parameters； Low temperature
11.FZC-1發動機綜合測試儀中轉速信號處理的實現
李 罡， 陳 矛， 祝 剛（空軍第一航空學院，河南 信陽 464000）
摘 要：介紹了在FZC-1發動機綜合測試儀研制中的難點技術問題-轉速信號處理的實現方法。通過采用抗干擾措施以及硬件上設計高品質的調理電路對轉速信號進行有效處理，使得該測試儀能夠在發動機地面試車時自動完成技術參數的測試，并將實測值與維護規程規定的范圍、參數相比較，判斷發動機的性能參數是否合格，為內、外場檢查和調整發動機參數、排除發動機故障提供依據。
關鍵詞：FZC-1發動機；綜合測試儀；轉速信號處理；實現方法
中圖分類號：V231.9 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0030-03
Tackle method of engine speed signal in designing FZC-1 engine integrated testing instrument
LI Gang， CHEN Mao， ZHU Gang
（First Aviation College of Air Force，Xingyang 464000，China）
Abstract: This article introduced the key technlogy-point that how to tackle engine speed signal in FZC-1 engine integrated testing instrument. It used anti-jamming measures and good adjusting circuit to dispose rotate speed signal effectively. It can finish testing of technology parameters automatically when engine is operating on ground and support the foundation of checking and adjusting the engine parameters and remove the trouble on the airports by comparing the measure number with the ruled parameter range in maintenance manual.
Key words: FZC-1 engine；Integrated testing instrument；Tackle of engine speed signal；Achieve method
12.應用于減振器試驗臺的測控系統
龐 維， 吳學杰
（西南交通大學 牽引動力國家重點實驗室，四川 成都 610031）
摘 要：在介紹減振器試驗臺測控系統結構和原理的基礎上，對系統的組成、硬件、軟件和交流伺服作動器的工作原理和控制方法進行了詳細的分析和說明。同時對測試數據的處理方法也進行了詳細的介紹。為提高控制系統的頻響，克服伺服電機本身的延時，我們采用前饋PID作為控制策略，試驗結果證明：本測控系統的硬/軟件設計和所采用的控制策略是非常有效的。
關鍵詞：減振器試驗臺；機電作動器；PID前饋控制；實時控制器；示功圖;阻尼系數
中圖分類號：U467.5+2 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0033-03
13.Test and control system used in oscillation absorber test-bed
PANG Wei， WU Xue-jie
（Traction Power State Key Laboratory，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China）
Abstract: Based on introducing the structure and principle of oscillation absorber test-bed test and control system, this paper analyzed in detail of the system’s constituent, hardware, software and the operating principle and control mode of AC servo-actuator. At the same time it also introduced processing method of tested data in detail. For improving frequency and response of system and overcoming the time delay of servo-actuator, the authors adopted feedforward PID as control strategy. The result of test indicates that software, hardware and control strategy of this test and control system are very effectively.
Key words: Oscillation absorber test-bed; Electromechanical actuator; Feedforward PID control; Real-time controller; Diagram of work; Coefficient of damping
14.高溫液相色譜的原理及研究進展
富 玉1，2， 陳能武1
（1．中國測試技術研究院，四川 成都 610021；2．中國科學院成都有機化學研究所，四川 成都610041）
摘 要：高溫液相色譜是色譜發展的一個新領域。溫度升高，流動相的粘度降低，分析物的擴散速度加快，則溶質及溶劑的傳質阻力降低，可實現在較高的流速下分離，同時系統的壓力會隨著溫度的升高而降低。升高色譜柱的溫度，不僅可以加快分析速度，而且還可以改善峰形，減少有機溶劑的使用。在此基礎上發展出的亞臨界水色譜，更符合綠色色譜的要求，同時擴大了液相色譜的應用范圍。本文綜述了高溫條件下，溫度對柱效、保留值、選擇性、溶劑洗脫特征及色譜柱穩定性的影響，介紹了高溫色譜的應用進展。
關鍵詞：高溫液相色譜；柱效；選擇性；溫度梯度；色譜柱穩定性
中圖分類號：TH833 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0036-05
Theory and research progress of High temperature liquid chromatography
FU Yu1，2， CHEN Neng-wu1
（1．National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China；
2．Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Chengdu 610041，China）
Abstract： High temperature liquid chromatography（HTLC） is a new field in the development of chromatography. Kinetic and transport properties can be particularly enhanced, which are based on the decrease of the viscosity of mobile phase and increase of the analyte diffusivity at higher temperature. The separation can be achieved with high flow rate and the pressure of the system can be also reduced at high temperature. Under the high temperature, not only the analytical time can be shortened, but the peak symmetry can be improved and the use of organic solvent can be decreased as well. Depending on HTLC, subcritical water choromatography has been developed, which accords with Green Chromatography best. At the same time, the range of liquid chromatography has been widened. The effects of temperature on column performance, retention, selectivity, and column stability are reviewed and applications of HTLC are introduced in this paper.
Key words： High temperature liquid chromatography； Column performance； Selectivity； Temperature program；Column stability
15.軟測量技術在車輛排放數據處理中的應用研究
杜艾永1， 李樹珉1，2， 夏均忠1， 王大瑋1， 武朋輝1
（1.軍事交通學院，天津 3001611；2.天津大學，天津 300072）
摘 要：重點對基于BP人工神經網絡的軟測量模型的建立及進行網絡訓練時的注意事項進行了分析和探討。在應用時，首先建立了CO的人工神經網絡軟測量模型，通過對車輛排放的實際采集獲取了一組實際數據，然后利用CO人工神經網絡軟測量模型進行模擬和驗證，模擬結果非常接近實際結果，證明了軟測量技術在車輛排放檢測結果在線處理上的有效性和可行性。
關鍵詞：軟測量;人工神經網絡;CO;模型;ASM工況法;車輛排放
中圖分類號：TP274+.2 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0041-03
Research on treatment of vehicle emission result based on soft-sensor technology
DU Ai-yong1， LI Shu-min1，2， XIA Jun-zhong1， WANG Da-wei1， WU Peng-hui1
（1.Military Traffic Institute，Tianjin 300161，China；2.Tianjin University，Tianjin 30072，China）
Abstract: The Paper gave a brief introduction of the concept and sort of soft-sensor and then analyzed the building of the soft-sensor model based on BP ANN and the attendant proceeding. In application, the authors built the CO ANN Soft-sensor model, got experiment data from test and received good result. It proved the validity and feasibility for on-line treatment based on ANN soft-sensor model.
Key words: Soft-Sensor; ANN; CO; Model; ASM; Vehicle Let
16.側向輻射的平面小天線的數值分析
喻志遠1， 王 琪2
（1.電子科技大學物理電子學院，四川 成都 610054；2.鹽城師范學院計算機系，江蘇 鹽城 224002）
摘 要：在短距離移動通信中，由于系統對天線的效率和增益要求不高，人們大量使用FR4（玻璃纖維雙面銅板）構造的天線，但未見損耗的分析報道。分析了一種構造于廉價的玻璃纖維電路板上的側向輻射的小型平面天線，首次給出了天線在不同的介質損耗正切（tgδ）下的天線阻抗帶寬，天線輻射效率以及方向圖和天線增益的數值分析結果。
關鍵詞：平面小天線；平面側向輻射；介質損耗正切；天線輻射效率；接地板開槽
中圖分類號：TN823+.27 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0044-03
Numerical analyses of a small planar antenna with side radiation direction
YU Zhi-yuan1， WANG Qi2
（1.School of Physical Electronics，University of Electronic Science and Technology，Chengdu 610054，China；
2.Department of Computer of Yancheng Teacher’s College，Yancheng 224002，China）
Abstract: There are many antenna based on the material of FR4for short distance Mobile Communications. But there is no analysis about the loss of the materials. An Analysis of a small side-fire antenna constructed in a cheap printed circuit board was given in the first time by the time domain method. It numerically presented the antenna’s impedance band width, radiation efficiency and gain under difference loss tangent. The radiation pattern antenna shows that the antenna has a character of side-fire.
Key words: Small planar antenna; Planar side-fire radiation; Dielectric loss tangent; Antenna radiation efficiency; Slot in ground planar
17.中央空調節能措施研究
肖 文， 劉浙華（中國測試技術研究院，四川 成都 610021）
摘 要：近年來隨著社會經濟的持續快速發展，我國建筑行業呈現出蓬勃發展的態勢。與此同時，中央空調系統的應用日益普及，由此造成的能源消耗已成為影響國家能源戰略的重要方面。因此，研究節約能源、提高能效的技術手段和方法迫在眉睫。文章根據實際經驗，從中央空調的維護結構、冷熱源、系統設計及運行方面研究并分析了促使中央空調系統節能運行，提高能源利用率的各種措施。
關鍵詞：中央空調；節能；耗能；效率；措施
中圖分類號：TU111.19+5 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0047-03
Research on energy conservation of central air-conditioning
XIAO Wen， LIU Zhe-hua
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）
Abstract: Recent years, with the fast and continuous development of China’s economy, construction industry in our country also develops vigorously. Meanwhile, as the application of central air-conditioning systems is increasing day by day, energy consumptions by these air-conditioners have significantly affected our country’s energy strategies. Therefore, it is real time to study technical ways and methods in order to save energy and maximize using efficiency. This text will study and analyze various measures of improving energy-saving effect and enhancing efficiency with respect to maintenance structure, energy source, system design and its running situation based on practical experience.
Key words: Central air-conditioner; Energy-saving; Energy consumption; Efficiency; Measure
18.基于Hough變換的車窗提取算法
李冬梅， 郝曉莉
（北京交通大學電子信息工程學院，北京 100044）
摘 要：在HOV乘客數檢測系統中，對車窗的定位與提取，可以極大地減少計算量，提高系統的運算速度以及檢測的準確度。針對圖像中車窗邊緣的圖像特點，提出了一種基于相位編組法進行圖像分塊，在圖像塊內進行快速Hough變換的直線檢測，并結合積分投影方法對車窗進行定位與提取。實驗結果表明該算法具有較快的運算速度和較高的檢測準確率。
關鍵詞：車窗定位；Hough變換；積分投影；灰度變換；模板濾波
中圖分類號：TP391 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0050-03
An window location algorithm based on Hough transform
LI Dong-mei， HAO Xiao-li
（School of Electronics and Information Engineering，Beijing Jiaotong University，Beijing 100044，China）
Abstract: It is important to count vehicle occupants in HOV implementation. Locating and detecting vehicles windows can greatly reduce the calculation work. According to the characteristics of vehicle windows， we employed Hough transform and Integration projection to cut the window regions. Experiments show that the algorithm has merits of high computation speed and has value in practice.
Key words: Vehicle window localization；Hough transform；Integration projection；Gradient image；Template filtering
19.基于自適應傳播機制的紅外圖像快速增強算法
謝 偉， 李曉峰， 傅志中（電子科技大學通信工程學院，四川 成都 610054）
摘 要：針對傳統的紅外圖像對比度增強方法存在的運算速度慢、增強效果不佳的問題，提出了一種基于自適應傳播機制的紅外圖像對比度快速增強算法。首先使用自適應傳播機制求出紅外圖像的各種局部空間信息，然后對各種信息進行非線性拉伸調整，得到增強后的圖像。最后，比較和分析了幾種增強算法實驗結果，證明了本方法快速高效的優異性質。
關鍵詞：自適應傳播機制；局部空間信息；紅外圖像；對比度快速增強
中圖分類號：TP751 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0053-04
A fast infrared image contrast enhancement approach based on adaptive propagation rule
XIE Wei， LI Xiao-feng， FU Zhi-zhong
（School of Communication Engineering，University of Electronic Science and Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract: To improve the speed and quality of conventional methods for contrast enhancement of infrared images, the authors described a fast approach for image contrast enhancement, based localized adaptive propagation rule. Firstly, the method used adaptive propagation rule to get local and global spatial information, then, using this information to non-linear enhances the image contrast. Experimental results of this proposed approach and other conventional method were compared and prove that this method run faster than other conventional approach, it’s more effective than other method in enhancing image.
Key words: Adaptive propagation rule；Local spatial information；Infrared image；Fast contrast enhancement
20.輕質石油產品硫含量測試方法研究與評價
譚秋艷， 呂煥明， 劉慧玫 （遼寧省產品質量監督檢驗院，遼寧 沈陽 110004）
摘 要：隨著汽車尾氣排放標準越來越嚴格，要求汽車燃料汽、柴油中的硫含量越來越低。作為硫含量測定的仲裁試驗方法，石油產品硫含量測定法-燃燈法由于檢出限達不到要求，將不再適用。通過對微庫侖法和電感耦合等離子體發射光譜法（ICP－AES法）測試硫含量進行研究，得出結論：微庫侖法和ICP－AES法均適用于測試輕質石油產品中的微量硫含量，兩種方法測試結果一致性很好；ICP－AES法測試精密度相對較高，檢出限低。
關鍵詞：石油產品；硫；微庫侖法；ICP－AES法；研究；評價
中圖分類號：O657.39 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0057-04
Research and evaluation of test methods of trace quantities of sulfur
in light liquid petroleum products
TAN Qiu-yan， LV Huan-ming， LIU Hui-mei
（Liaoning Provincial Institute of Product Quality Supervise and Inspection，Shenyang 110004，China）
Abstract： Along with discharge standards about automobile tail gas is becoming stricter and stricter, the quantities of sulfur in gasoline and diesel used in automobile as fuel will be cut down greatly. As for arbitration test, the determination of sulfur-lamp method will be not suitable any more. This article researched on determination of sulfun-micro-coulometry method and ICP-AES method and compared the two methods. The research results demonstrate that the two methods are all suitable for trace sulfur deteemination and comsistent in test results. The precision of ICP-AES is high and the MDL is low relatively.
Key words： Petroleum product; Sulfur; Microcoulometry; ICP-AES; Research; Evaluation
21.電磁繼電器磁性零部件矯頑力自動測量方法
慕忠義， 孫國華， 賈煥歌（陜西省計量科學研究院，陜西 西安 710000）
摘 要：電磁繼電器鐵芯磁性零部件的主要材料是電工純鐵、鐵鎳合金、低碳鋼及其它的軟磁材料。矯頑力Hc影響到繼電器吸合及釋放時間。本文討論了形狀復雜零部件矯頑力的測量方法。其各項技術指標均達到國家標準和IEC標準，解決了零部件矯頑力無法檢測的難題。尤其振動線圈傳感器設計獨特，為該檢測方法起到了重要作用。該檢測方法是工業在線快速檢測行之有效的測量方法。
關鍵詞：零部件；矯頑力；測量
中圖分類號：TM930.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0061-02
Automatic measurement of coercivity of magnetic parts in electromagnetic relay
Mu Zhong-yi， SUN Guo-hua， JIA Huan-ge
（Shanxi Institute of Metrology，Xi’an 710000，China）
Abstract: The main matrials of the magnetic parts in electromagnetic relay are electrical iron, Fe-Ni alloy, mild steel and some other soft magnets. And their coercivities, Hc, have important effects on the pich-up time and release time. The main porpose of this paper is to intruduce a method of coercivity determintation for parts with various shap. This method overcomed the difficulty that we couldn’t detect the coercivities of parts, and technical indicators of which are well satisfied with these requirments of national and IEC standards. Especially, the design of the sensor with vibration coil is originality, which plays a crucial role for this method. And also this method is an effective option for fast industrial on-line detection.
Key words: Parts； Coercive； Measurement
22.音速噴嘴氣體流量標準裝置測量不確定度評定
許 鈴1， 汪 斌2（中國測試技術研究院，四川 成都 610021）
摘 要： 各種流量計從研制到使用，必須對其特性進行研究，對其標稱的流量性能進行試驗，并給出試驗結果。這些試驗研究工作都需要在流量標準裝置上進行。因此，流量標準裝置的不確定度直接關系到試驗結果的水平，對其研究是非常必要的。用臨界流文丘利噴嘴做為流量標準，用比較法原理對流量計進行檢定和校準，音速噴嘴法氣體流量標準裝置可對各種氣體流量計的檢測和校準,并對其檢定和校準結果的不確定度進行評定。
關鍵詞：音速噴嘴；不確定度；測量；檢定；氣體流量；校準
中圖分類號：TH814+.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0063-02
Evaluation of measurement uncertainty for gas flow circular venturi tubes stamdard device
XU Ling1， WANG Bin2
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）
Abstract: For all kinds of flowmeter, it is necessary to research on their characteristics from development to application. All the tests are performed on flowmeter standard device. Since measurement uncertainty affect test results a lot, the uncertainty evaluation is rather important. Taking Gas Flow Circular Venturi Tubes Standard Device as example, this paper introduced verification and calibration methods as well as measurement uncertainty evaluation of test results.
Key words： Circular venturi tubes; Uncertainty; Measurement; Verification; Gas flow; Calibration
23.浙大指紋圖譜相似度軟件在香料分析中的應用
王 鈞， 趙曰利（山東中煙工業公司滕州卷煙廠，山東 滕州 277500）
摘 要：為了對香精香料進行有效的化學質量控制，現采用中藥化學質量控制常用的方法，色譜指紋圖譜法。對香精香料進行適當的前處理，同時蒸餾萃取，然后進行氣相色譜氫焰測試。再用浙大中藥指紋圖譜相似度計算軟件進行譜峰匹配、相似度的計算等其它數據處理。運用此方法能對香精香料進行快速有效的綜合化學質量控制。系統地介紹了浙大中藥指紋圖譜相似度計算軟件五個基本功能1數據導入2數據預處理和色譜圖的縮放比較3保留時間校正和譜峰自動匹配4指紋圖譜相似度計算5結果輸出和報表打印。浙大中藥指紋圖譜相似度計算軟件為一種簡便易學的軟件系統，就其操作中的關鍵問題給予圖文結合的方式加以詳細說明。通過香精色譜分析的例子,對峰點的校正匹配與整體相似度計算等其它功能作進行了詳細講解。
關鍵詞：浙大中藥指紋圖譜相似度計算軟件；香精香料；質量控制；化學統計學;數據處理
中圖分類號：TP751 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0065-02
Application of fingerprint similarity calculation software of zhejiang university in
flavor and perfume analysis
WANG Jun， ZHAO Yue-li
（Tengzhou Cigarette Factory of Shandong Branch of China Tobacco Industrial Corporation，Tengzhou 277500，China）
Abstract： Five basic functions of the traditional medicine fingerprint similarity calculation software of Zhejiang university including data importation, pretreatment of data and chromatogram comparison through narrow and/or amplification, retantion time calibration and peak matching, fingerprint similarity calculation, output and print of results were systematically introduced. This software is easy to understand, and it interprets these key operations through the graphic combination form. Taking flavor and perfume analysis as an example, we investigated calibration and maching of peaks, total similarity calculation and some other functions of this software in this paper.
Key words: The traditional medicine fingerprint similarity calculation software of Zhejiang university; Flavor and perfume; QC; Chemical statistics; Data processing
24.直線度誤差的數據處理及程序設計
李亞軍1， 鄭志剛2
（1.廣州市計量檢測技術研究院，廣東 廣州 510040；2.華南理工大學機械工程學院，廣東 廣州 510640）
摘 要：隨著加工精度的發展，直線度測量顯得非常重要。首先分別介紹了直線度誤差的三種數據處理方法，兩端點連線法、最小二乘法和最小區域法。每種方法都給出了實例，經過總結分析提出一種適合計算機化的新方法，該方法將三種方法程序化，使用該方法不僅可以進行計算還可以將圖形打印出來，使工作中的數據處理更加快速、準確，提高了工作效率。
關鍵詞：直線度誤差；最小區域法；最小二乘法；兩端點連線法；圖形法
中圖分類號：TM930.115 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0067-03
Calculation of straightness error and computerization
LI Ya-jun， ZHENG Zhi-gang
（1.Guangzhou Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Guangzhou 510040，China；
2.School of Mechanical Engineering，South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510640，China）
Abstract: With the development of machining precision, measurement of straightness is more important. The straightness error can be evaluated by minimum zone method, linking two points and least squares method. These methods were explained by an example in this paper. Through analyzing, this paper presented a new method with advantage of being able to run on computer easily, printing its picture and improving efficiency.
Key words: Departure from straightness； Minimum zone of straightness； Least squares； Two endpoints line； Graphic method
25.ICP-AES法測定金箔的含金量
伏榮進， 曲 蔚， 華毅超， 司 瑋 （國家金銀制品質量監督檢驗中心，江蘇 南京 210028）
摘 要：研究了ICP-AES法直接測定金箔中的Ag、Cu、Zn、Fe、Pb、Sb、Bi微量元素，通過差減法計算出金箔的含金量，確定了儀器最佳工作參數，研究了分析條件中功率的選取、分析線的選擇、霧化器壓力的優化、樣品提升量的影響，并對金箔中Au基體可能存在的干擾等進行了探討。所建立的分析方法精密度、準確度符合微量分析的要求，用于金箔樣品分析，準確、快速、簡便，結果滿意。
關鍵詞：金箔；含金量；ICP-AES；微量元素；工作參數
中圖分類號：TH744.16 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0070-03
Determination of gold content in gold foil by ICP-AES
FU Rong-jin， QU Wei， HUA Yi-chao， SI Wei
（National Center of Supervision and Inspection on Quality of Gold and Silver Product，Nanjing 210028，China）
Abstract： The contents of trace elements of Ag, Cu, Zn, Fe, Pb, Sb and Bi in gold foil were determined directly by ICP-AES method and the gold content of gold foil was calculated. The authors obtained optimal working parameters of the instrument and studied the selections of power in analytic conditions and analytic curve, the optimization of the pressure of nebulizer as well as the influence of lifting capacity of the sample. Furthermore, various interferers possibly existed in the gold foil. The precision and reliability of the methods is fit for the analysis on trace elements. This method is precise, quick, simple and satisfactory.
Key words: Gold foil; Content of gold; ICP-AES; Trace elements; Working parameters
26.數字式電動振動試驗系統檢定中相關計算公式的運用
陳 曦1， 盧小雨2
（1．蘇州市計量測試研究所，江蘇 蘇州 215006；2．安徽理工大學數理系，安徽 淮南 232001）
摘 要：針對電動振動臺和數字式電動振動試驗系統使用中的交越頻率的定義及其推理過程加以闡述，探討了影響電動振動臺和數字式振動試驗系統正確使用的因素及相關技術問題，同時針對檢定規程中所規定的一些檢定方法提出了值得商榷的看法，并給出相應的計算公式，供參考使用。
關鍵詞：交越頻率；加速度總均方根值；功率譜密度；電動振動臺；數字式電動振動試驗系統
中圖分類號：U467.5+25 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0073-03
Discussion on applications of correlation formula for digital electrodynamic vibration testing system
CHEN Xi1， LU Xiao-yu2
（1．Suzhou Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Suzhou 215006，China；
2．Department of Mathematics and Physics，Anhui University of Science and Technology，Huainan 223001，China）
Abstract: This paper presented definition and reasoning process of crossover frequency, which were used by Electrodynamic Vibration Generator for testing and Digital Electrodynamic Vibration Testing System. It can help the users and verification officers deepen their understanding and improve operating efficiency. The author put forward his own views on the verification methods, which were established by the verification regulations. Relevant formulae were given. It can be available to users as a reference guide.
Key words: Crossover frequency; Root mean square value of acceleration; Power spectrum density; Electrodynamic vibration generator for testing; Digital electrodynamic vibration testing system
27.連續流動分析法在煙草分析中的應用
杜瑞華1， 周明松2
（1.廣州卷煙二廠，廣東 廣州 510145；2.華南理工大學化工與能源學院，廣東 廣州 510640）
摘 要：連續流動分析法（CFA）作為一種快速、準確的批量檢測方法已經廣泛應用于國內外煙草行業。根據連續流動分析法的原理，詳細介紹了該分析法在煙草中對煙堿、總糖及還原性糖、水溶性糖、總氮、蛋白質、氯以及鉀等含量的測定方法及應用，并對連續流動分析法在煙草科學技術中的應用做了展望。
關鍵詞：煙草；連續流動分析法；煙堿；還原糖
中圖分類號：TM930.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0076-03
Summary of continuous flow analytical method used in tobacco analysis
DU Rui-hua1， ZHOU Ming-song2
（1．Guangzhou No.2 Cigarette Factory，Guangzhou 510145，China；
2．School of Chemical and Energy Engineering， South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510640，China）
DU Rui-hua1， ZHOU Ming-song2
（1．Guangzhou No.2 Cigarette Factory，Guangzhou 510145，China；
2．School of Chemical and Energy Engineering， South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510640，China）
Abstract: As a quick, accurate and batch quantity analysis method, continuous Flow Analytical Method （CFA） was applied in tobacco industry extensively in domestic and overseas. In this article, the practical application of CFA in domestic tobacco analysis was summarized inclading the application in the measurements of the contents of the nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar, water soluble sugar, total nitrogen, protein, chlorine and kalium. In addition, the application of CFA in tobacco science and technology was prospected.
Key words: Tobacco；Continuous flow analytical method；Nicotine；Reducing sugar
28.再論1/f噪聲的動力學統計理論
許生龍（昆明物理研究所，云南 昆明 650223）
摘 要：在《1f噪聲的動力學統計理論》一文中，為了突出重點，攻克主要矛盾，因而對1f噪聲的某些特點，如實驗上發現的1f噪聲的功率譜S（f）為什么總是1f？能譜和功率譜S（f）為何是同一函數等等，當時未能深入追究，本文除了彌補這些不足之外，還從“零點能”與“暗物質”而引發的“背景能量的涌動”這個深層次上來解釋普適關系式：S（f）∝1f。
關鍵詞：1/f噪聲；疑點；背景能量；能譜；功率譜
中圖分類號：O211 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0079-05
Re-study of statistical dynamics of 1f noise
XU Sheng-long
（Kunming Institute of Physics，Kunming 650223，China）
Abstract: A definitive power spectrum was deduced from theoretical analysis and a universal equation was obtained in the paper “Statistical Dynamics of 1f Noise”. But there still are some questions such as why the power spectra S（f） of 1f noise show the same form fined in experiments, energy spectrum and power spectrum have the same function form etc. which were discussed here. To go a step further, the authors explained the universal equation S（f）∝1f based on the “fluctuation of background” from the theorem of “zero point energy” and “dark matter”.
Key words: 1f noise; Doubtful point; Background energy; Energy spectrum; Power spectrum
29.基于VB、Excel和Access的蠕變實驗機測控軟件系統
安子良， 軒福貞， 涂善東
（華東理工大學機械與動力工程學院，上海 200237）
摘 要：數據采集和控制軟件系統采用串口通協議,實現了對4臺蠕變實驗機多點數據采集和數據的自動記錄。遵循溫度控制器的RS485通訊協議，軟件系統可以自動調控蠕變高溫爐的溫度。通過OLE技術和人工代碼，VB與Access、Excel無縫連接，將試驗數據保存到Access數據庫中。運行結果表明系統的軟、硬件工作穩定，可靠性高，完全實現了蠕變實驗機的溫度自動控制和試驗數據的自動記錄。
關鍵詞：軟件自動化；VB；Access；Excel；RS485通訊協議；多點數據采集
中圖分類號：TP273 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0084-04
Measurement and control system of creep testers under the Frame of VB、Excel and Access
AN Zi-liang， XUAN Fu-zhen， TU Shan-dong
（School of Mechanical and Power Engineering，East China University of Science and Technology，Shanghai 200237，China）
Abstract: Serial port communication protocol was introduced into the software system of data acquisition and control, multipoint data acquisition and data self-record of 4 creep testers were implemented. According to the RS485 communication protocol of the temperature controller, software system could autocontrol the temperature of the creep furnace. By means of the techniques of OLE and artificial code, the seamless integration among VB, Access and Excel were realized and the experimental results were saved into Access database. Operating results indicated that the hardware and software of the system are high reliability and stability, temperature auto-control and testing data self-record of the creep tester are completely achieved.
Key words: Software Automation; VB; Access; Excel; RS485 Communication Protocol; Multipoint Data Acquisition
30.EXO3晶振與KSS晶振在高過載下的失效特性分析
李 樂， 祖 靜， 徐 鵬
（儀器科學與動態測試教育部重點實驗室，中北大學，山西 太原 030051）
摘 要：為了研究芯片抗高過載能力，本實驗選取兩種典型晶振芯片：EXO3、KSS,利用Hopkinson桿對其進行高g值沖擊，以一維應力波理論估計芯片受到的加速度，并用運力學模型對其內部結構進行分析。結果表明：晶振的內部結構直接影響它的抗沖擊性能；與應力波傳播方向平行放置的晶振抗沖擊性能要高于與應力波傳播方向垂直的晶振。
關鍵詞：高沖擊；晶振芯片；抗過載能力；失效；Hopkinson桿
中圖分類號：O212.6 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0088-03
Failure mechanism of crystal oscillator EXO3 and KSS under high shock
LI Le， ZU Jing， XU Peng
（Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement （Ministry of Education），
North University of China Taiyuan 030051，China）
Abstract： In order to determine the over-loading resistibility of the microchip, the experiments had been performed using Hopkinson bar, testing two types of crystal oscillator： EXO3 and KSS. The acceleration was estimated according to the theory of one-dimensional stress wave and the internal structure was analyzed under mechanics model. The research shows that: 1. The internal structure of oscillator effects the shock-resistibility directly. 2. The shock-resistibility of oscillator paralleling the direction of stress wave is stronger than those which are vertical on the direction of stress wave.
Key words： High-g shock；Crystal oscillator；Shock-resistibility；Failure；Hopkinson bar
31.大話呼測試模擬器開發研究
唐 堃， 王芙蓉
（華中科技大學電子與信息工程系，湖北 武漢 430074）
摘 要：大話呼測試是在對測試網元功能測試成功結束后，對測試網元進行壓力測試的一種測試方法。它通過模擬網絡中某個或多個功能實體與真實測試網元的交互，在一段時間內對測試網元同時發起大量的業務處理要求，以檢測測試網元在一定負載情況下的性能表現，是對測試網元性能最有效的檢測方式之一。以HammerST為例，介紹了大話呼測試模擬器開發的一般過程和運行原理以及需要注意的問題，以方便大話呼測試的開發與進行。
關鍵詞：大話呼測試；測試網元；HammerST；性能測試
中圖分類號：TN914.4 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0091-03
Research of the bulk call test simulator implement
TANG Kun， WANG Fu-rong
（Department of Electronics and Information Engineering，Huazhong University of
Science and Technology，Wuhan 430074，China）
Abstract: The bulk call test can simulate one or more functional entities in the network and implement the communication with the real net element under test. It initiates lots of transaction to the test element simultaneity in order to test the performance of the test element. It is one of the most efficiently test methods to test the performance of the real net element. This article mainly introduced the development flow and running principle of bulk call test in order to run bulk call test expediently.
Key words: Bulk call test； Net element under test； HammerST； Performance testing
32.DSP的HPI與PC機并口通信接口設計
吳旖旎， 吳建平
（成都理工大學核技術及自動化工程學院，四川 成都 610059）
摘 要：在數字硬件系統的設計中，廣泛采用了DSP＋主機＋可編程器件的方式，DSP雖然具有強大的數字信號處理能力，但其控制能力不足，通過HPI口和主機相連組成系統，是克服這個缺點通常的解決辦法，因此，主機和DSP之間如何接口通信就顯得非常重要。HPI口的應用極大地方便了主機與DSP系統的數據交換。本方案靈活、簡單，適用于任何含有HPI接口的DSP應用系統，為開發人員提供了一種全新的數據共享、傳輸方案，是HPI與PC機并口的一種穩定，有效的連接方式。
關鍵詞：TMS320VC5510；DSP；通信；主機接口（HPI）；并口
中圖分類號：TP216 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0094-03
Design of communication interface between DSP and PC
WU Yi-ni， WU Jian-ping
（College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering，Chengdu University of Technology，Chengdu 610059，China）
Abstract: Generaly, DSP and PC with PLC compose a modem digital hardware system. Although DSP is a powerful digital signal processor, it has disadvantage of short in control capacity. This disadvantage can be solved by the system composed with HPI and PC. So, the key is to realize the data communication between PC and HPI. Using HPI interface made the data exchamge easy between PC and DSP. This paper proposed a flexible, simple way that suits any applicable system including HPI and DSP. It provided a new datum share and deliver method for researchers. Experimental results show that the communication between HPI and PC parallel interface is valid and stable.
Key words： TMS320VC5510；DSP；Communication；Host Processor Interface（HPI）；EPP
34.調制域及脈沖分析儀主控軟件設計
孫培清， 秦開宇， 何丕雁（電子科技大學自動化工程學院，四川 成都 610054）
摘 要：重點探討了基于面向對象設計思想，利用CVI控件設計調制域及脈沖分析儀主控軟件的若干方法。文章主要以CVI圖形控件的應用為例，介紹了如何設置Marker和坐標，捕獲并動態顯示Marker線與波形交點坐標值，以及正確運用庫函數繪制直方圖等關鍵技術。仿真和實驗結果證明這些技術方便靈活，切實有效，具有很強的針對性和通用性。
關鍵詞：面向對象；CVI；Marker；Annotations；直方圖
中圖分類號：TP311 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0097-04
Design of modulation domain and pulse analyser master software
SUN Pei-qing， QIN Kai-yu， HE Pi-yan
（School of Automation Engineering，University of Electronic Science and Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract: This thesis mainly discusses some methods of designing Modulation Domain and pulse Analyser master software based on Object Oriented design idea and CVI controls. Takeing the application of CVI graph controls for example, the paper introduces following several aspects: how to set marker and coordinate property; how to capture and dynamicly display the position of intersection which intersected by marker line and waveform and how to plot the histogram by virtue of library function. Simulations and experiments prove these technologies are convenient, flexible and effective, with strong pertinence and catholicness.
Key words: Object oriented；CVI；Marker；Annotations；Histogram
35.復雜分組交換模塊功能仿真驗證的方法研究
陳小平， 何 春， 廖恬瑜(電子科技大學電子科學技術研究院，四川 成都 610054)
摘 要：對復雜分組交換模塊仿真驗證的復雜性進行了討論，并分析了四種常用仿真模型的優缺點，在此基礎上，提出了基于軟硬協同仿真模型的復雜分組交換模塊功能仿真驗證系統方案，并詳細地論述了該系統框架結構和工作流程。通過測試，表明該結構能較好地完成分組交換模塊功能仿真的任務。
關鍵詞：分組交換；功能仿真模型；軟硬件協同仿真；工作流程
中圖分類號：TP216 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0101-04
Study on the function simulation technology of complex grouping exchange module
CHEN Xiao-ping， HE Chun， LIAO Tian-yu
（Research Institute of University of Electronic of Science and Technology, Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract： This paper introduces the complexity of functional simulation technology on complex grouping exchange module. Based on the analysis of the merit and defect of the four generic simulation modules, the paper puts forward the system project based on the hw/sw co-simulation module, as well as introducing the system’s architecture and working flow. The experimental result verified that the proposed architecture can perform the task of co-simul-
ating function well.
Key words： grouping exchange module; functional simulation；hw/sw co-simulation；working flow.
36.組合數字集成電路測試生成技術研究
張必超， 于 鵬（西南電子電信技術研究所，四川 成都 610041）
摘 要：介紹了數字集成電路測試的基本概念，包括測試的分類，以及可控性、可觀性、可測性、故障、失效和缺陷等概念；概述了測試的基本過程及測試生成概念和原理；著重闡述了組合數字集成電路的各種測試生成算法，包括異或法、步爾差分法、路徑敏化法、D算法、PODEM算法和FAN算法等，這些算法是測試圖形生成的基本方法，在具體應用中可靈活選用。
關鍵詞：組合數字集成電路；可測性；失效；測試生成；算法
中圖分類號：TP211 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0105-03
Research on test-generation technology of combined digital IC
ZHANG Bi-chao， YU Peng
（Southwest Institute of Electronics and Telecommunication Technology，Chengdu 610041，China）
Abstract: This article introduced the basic conception of combined digital IC, including classification of digital IC test, controllability, observation, testability, fault, limitation and invalidation etc. Then it summarized theory of test generation and test process of combined digital IC. It emphasized test-generating algorithms of digital IC. These algorithms included BULL differences, XOR, PATH sensitize, D, PODEM and FAN algorithm and were all basic algorithms of test generation that can be used in different applications.
Key words: Combined digital IC；Testability；Fault；Test generation；Algorithm
37.基于C/S模式的計量器具管理系統
杜 亮（中國一航空空導彈研究院計量測試研究室，河南 洛陽 471009）
摘 要：從計量技術和業務管理的性質特征出發，借助現代計算機網絡技術，開發設計了C/S模式的計量器具管理系統。在對系統組成和工作原理、設計思路介紹的基礎上，重點對系統軟件和系統數據庫的設計和應用程序的創建作了詳細的描述。該系統對優化工作流程，提高勞動效率，規范工作程序有重要的推進作用。
關鍵詞：C/S模式；計量器具管理系統；模塊；數據庫；管理信息系統MIS
中圖分類號：TP311.11 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0108-03
Measuring instruments management system based on C/S model
DU Liang
（Research Department of Metrology，China Airborne Missile Academy Institute，Luoyang 471009，China）
Abstract: According to these features of measurement technology and business management, we designed a measuring instruments management system based on C/S model and assisted by modern computer network technolgoy. System components, principle and design idea were introduced firstly. Designs of system software and system database and creating application programs were focused on. This system will have an important role for promoting the optimization of workflow, improving efficiency and standardizing work procedures.
Key words: C/S mode; Measuring instruments management system; Module; Database; Management information system
38.橋梁通用現場監測軟件系統設計及應用
樂 慧1， 符欲梅1， 楊吉云2， 陳偉民1
（1.重慶大學光電技術及系統教育部重點試驗室，重慶 400044；2.重慶大學計算機學院，重慶 400044）
摘 要： 針對特定橋梁開發的現場監測軟件系統通用性較差，不能滿足不同類型橋梁現場監測的要求。在充分分析橋梁現場監測軟件通用性要求的基礎上，設計了一種基于數據庫的橋梁通用現場監測軟件。采用配置數據庫和動態鏈接庫形式實現了橋梁現場監測的各種通用性要求。該軟件在Delphi開發平臺下實現，采用了SQL Server數據庫管理系統。實踐證明，該軟件穩定可靠，適用于不同橋梁的現場監測。
關鍵詞：通用；橋梁；現場監測；軟件系統；數據庫
中圖分類號：TP311.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0111-03
Design and application of universal bridge local monitoring software
YUE Hui1， FU Yu-mei1， YANG Ji-yun2， CHEN Wei-min1
（1.Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System
of the Education Ministry，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044，China；
2.College of Computer Science，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044，China）
Abstract： Local monitoring software designed for a specified bridge is often poor at versatility, and cannot adapt to different bridge. This paper proposed a universal bridge local monitoring software based on database. The configuration database and DLL was used in the software to implement the versatility requirement of local monitoring of different bridges. This software was designed with Delphi and SQL server DBMS. It was already applied in chongqing masangxi and gaojiahuayuan bridge successfully. The instance was introduced.
Key words： Universal； Bridge； Local monitoring； Software system； Database
39.液相色譜法檢測水中草甘膦殘留量的研究
周艷明， 李 娜， 牛 森， 李彩衛， 趙瑛博（沈陽農業大學，遼寧 沈陽 110161）
摘 要：建立了水中草甘膦殘留量的高效液相色譜檢測方法，方法采用柱前衍生，經陰離子交換色譜柱分離，以熒光檢測器檢測，并對該方法的準確性和精密度進行了試驗，結果表明該方法快速、靈敏度高、精密度好。草甘膦的檢出限為0.005μg/ml，各濃度水平的添加回收為85%～101%，變異系數為2.5%～4%。我國至今尚無測定草甘膦殘留量的標準方法，該方法可靠、靈敏、簡便可行，為制定國家標準分析方法提供依據。
關鍵詞：草甘膦；高效液相色譜；衍生反應；熒光檢測器；殘留
中圖分類號：TH833 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0114-03
Detection glyphosate residues in water by LC
ZHOU Yan-ming， LI Na， NIU Sen， LI Cai-wei， ZAO Ying-bo
（Shenyang Agricultural University，Shenyang 110161，China）
Abstract： A high performance liquid chromatographic method is developed for determination of glyphodate in water. The sample are derived before column,and then separated with ion-exchange, at last glyphosate has been detected by the fluorescence detection.The method was proved to be rapid, sensitive and accurate. The limit of detection was 0.005μg/ml, Mean recoveries were from 85% to 101%, and coefficients of variation were from 2.5% to 4%. At preset standard analysis method of glyphosate has not been studiedyet. Therefore, it is essential to find a reliable, sensitive and simple method for determination of glyphosate residue. The research can provide basis for constituting standard analysis methods.
Key words： Glyphosate； Liquid chromatographic； Derivative； Fluorescence detection； Residue
40.用分光光度法測定含氨基酸類制品中的氨基酸含量
范婉萍， 吳 婕（梧州市產品質量監督檢驗所，廣西 梧州 543000）
摘 要：采用分光光度法對富含氨基酸類成分的制品中氨基酸含量的測定方法進行了研究探討。試驗主要利用氨基酸的氨基與茚三酮水合物反應可生成藍紫色化合物，該化合物最大吸收峰在570nm波長處，且此吸收峰值的大小與氨基酸釋放出的氨基成正比，因此可作為氨基酸定量分析方法。該方法簡便、靈敏、快速，重現性良好，平均回收率為98.4％，RSD為1.0％，可用于食品（保健品）的產品檢驗方法。
關鍵詞：氨基酸；分光光度法；UV掃描；RSD；干擾試驗
中圖分類號：TH744.12 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0117-03
Determination of amino acid content in products by spectrophotometric method
FAN Wan-ping， WU Jie
（Wuzhou Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Examination，Wuzhou 543000，China）
Abstract: Determination of amino acid content in products by spectrophotometric method was investigated in this paper. In this method, blue-violet compound formed through reaction between amido and nihydrin hydrate can be detected at 570nm wavelength, and its content is proportional to the peak area. This method is easy to use, sensitive, and saving time. Its average recovery is 98.4%, and relative standard deviation （RSD） is 1.0%. These technical indicators showed this method can be adopted to supervise and examine the amino aicd content of food（health products）.
Key words: Amino acid； Spectrophotometric method； UV scanning； RSD； Interference test
41.深度內容檢測防火墻系統設計
劉 洋， 李毅超（電子科技大學，四川 成都 610054）
摘 要：所論述的“深度內容檢測防火墻系統”是在新一代信息安全系列（TS8xxx）芯片基礎上進行設計開發的，目標是在專用防火墻 ASIC 芯片 TS8210 及IBM POWERPC 405處理器組成的SSDL_L硬件平臺上，設計一個具有web配置管理界面、規則庫存儲和日志管理功能，并能夠實現包過濾器與應用層協議內容檢測雙重功能的新型深度內容檢測防火墻系統。
關鍵詞：ASIC；防火墻；深度內容檢測；包過濾；內容審計
中圖分類號：TP216 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0120-06
Design of deep content detection of firewall system
LIU Yang， LI Yi-chao
（University of Electronic Science and Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract: This paper introduced the design and development of the “Deep Content Detection of Firewall System”（D.P.D.F.S） based on a new serial ASIC chipset TS8xxx. The target of the subject is to design a new type of hardware firewall on the plaftform SSDL_L which is consisted of ASIC chipset TS8210 and IBM POWERPC 405 CPU. This firewall has the following functions:packet filtering, content detecting on the protocol of application layer, as well as web configuration management interface, storage of rules, and log management.
Key words: ASIC；Firewall；Deep content detection；Packet filtering；Content audit
42.浙江和福建綠茶中微量元素的聚類分析研究
王建程（寧夏電子產品監督檢驗所，寧夏 銀川 750001）
摘 要：采用火焰原子吸收光譜法測定了浙江和福建兩地綠茶中Ca，Mg，Fe，Zn，Cu，Mn，Sn等微量金屬元素的含量；并借助統計學軟件（spss12.0）對測定結果進行聚類分析。結果表明浙江和福建兩地綠茶各屬一類。運用聚類分析可以為判別茶葉產地提供一種新的方法。
關鍵詞：火焰原子吸收光譜法；茶葉；微量元素；聚類分析法
中圖分類號：S571.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0126-05
Study on the cluster analysis of elements in green tea from Zhejiang and Fujian
by flame atomic absorption spectrometry
WANG Jian-cheng
（Ningxia Institute of Electron Product Supervision and Inspection，Yinchuan 750001，China）
Abstract: The author analyzed the content of Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Sn in green tea from Zhejiang and Fujian by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and analyzed the results on software spss12.0 in statistics by cluster analysis to compare the green tea from ZheJiang and FuJian. The results showed that：the green tea from ZheJiang and FuJian was belong to each category. This method was proved to be a new method to identify where the green tea was from by the cluster analysis.
Key words: Flame atomic absorption spectrometry； Tea； Trace element； Cluster analysis
43.磺胺/NEDD流動分析法測定水中總氮
王慧麗（邯鄲市自來水公司水質監測中心，河北 邯鄲 056003）
摘 要：介紹了連續流動分析法測定水中總氮的過程，通過在線UV消化器，過硫酸鉀被光分解為硫酸鹽自由基。樣品中無機和有機氮被硫酸鹽自由基氧化為硝酸鹽。硝酸鹽被還原為亞硝酸鹽，與磺胺/NEDD反應生成紅色絡合物在550nm下測定。此方法具有重現性好靈敏度高的特點。回收率為96%～103%相對標準偏差小于1.2%
關鍵詞：連續流動分析；總氮；水樣；磺胺；NEDD
中圖分類號：TH814 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0131-02
Determination of total nitride in water through on-line reaction of sulfanilamide/NEDD
WANG Hui-li
（Water Quality Monitoring Center of Handan City Running Water Company，Handan 056003，China）
Abstract: The process of total nitrie determination in water by on-line reaction was described in this paper. Persulphate was photo-degradated into kraft radical by on-line UV digestor, inorganic or/and organic nitride in sample was oxidated into nitrate by the kraft radical, and the nitrate would be reduced into nitrite. The red complex formed through reaction of nittrite and sulfanilamide/NEDD could be detected at 550nm. The recovery of this method is 96～103%, relative standard deviation（RSD） less than 1.2%, and its repeatability and sensitivity are very well.
Key words: On-line analysis; Total nitride; Water sapmle; Sulfanilamide; NEDD
44.多維加速度傳感器的設計及優化
張 新， 費業泰（合肥工業大學儀器科學與光電工程學院，安徽 合肥 230009）
摘 要：研制了一種基于單慣性質量塊的一體化結構三維加速度傳感器。依據傳感器的工作原理，采用有限元工具對傳感器靜態和動態特性進行了分析，給出了彈性體的應變分布、固有頻率及振型等，按各軸向靈敏度及其一致性和固有頻率等目標對傳感器結構尺寸進行了優化設計。有限元分析計算和實驗結果表明，所研制的傳感器在三個正交方向上都有較高的靈敏度，各加速度分量互干擾小。
關鍵詞：多維加速度；傳感器；有限元法；剪切應變；優化設計
中圖分類號：TP212.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0133-03
Design and optimization of a multidimensional acceleration sensor
ZHANG Xin， FEI Ye-tai
（School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronic Engineering，Hefei University of Technology，Hefei 230009，China）
Abstract: This paper presented a novel three-axis accelerometer. It uses strain gauge as sensing element for the detection of acceleration. The sensor was designed from the results of finite element method （FEM） simulation. The static and dynamic characteristics of the sensor were analyzed. The calculations and experiments prove this sensor is of high sensitivity and small cross sensitivity in three axes.
Key words: Multidimensional acceleration； Sensor； Finite element method； Shear stress； Optimization design
45.汽車發電機性能自動測試裝置的研究與開發
全廷立， 陽春華（中南大學信息科學與工程學院，湖南 長沙 410083）
摘 要：為嚴格測試汽車發電機性能，并匹配生產線的快速自動化生產，在對汽車發電機工作原理與性能測試深入分析的基礎上，設計了由工控機、變頻器、傳動電機、電子負載等組成的機電一體化汽車交流發電機性能自動測試裝置，實現發電機空載性能、負載性能及調節器性能測試。設計經典PID和模糊PID控制器快速調節發電機電壓、電流和轉速，提高了測試的快速性和穩定性，確保產品出廠質量。該裝置已成功應用于德國、日本、伊朗等汽車電器生產企業。
關鍵詞：汽車發電機；自動測試裝置；快速性；模糊PID控制
中圖分類號：TP216 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0136-03
Auto-testing equipment for automobile alternator’s performance test
QUAN Ting-li， YANG Chun-hua
（School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: In order to realize strict online performance test and match the fast automation production of automobile alternators, through thorough analysis on automobile alternators’ working principle and performance test, an auto-testing equipment was developed, which composed of industrial control computer, multifunctional data acquisition cards, transducer, servomotor and electronic loads. It could implements alternators’ test items including no-load, load and adjustor performance test and so on. Traditional PID and fuzzy PID controllers were incorporated to regulate alternators’ voltage, current and rotating speed so as to improve test rapidity and stability, which ensures the quality of output products. The equipment has been successfully applied to the automobile electric appliance production lines of Bosch, Hitachi and so on.
Key words： Automobile alternator；Automatic test equipment；Test rapidity；Fuzzy PID control
46.多通道超聲霧化器霧化率測試儀的設計
甘德成 （電子科技大學生命科學與技術學院，四川 成都 610054）
摘 要：智能化、多通道超聲霧化器霧化率檢測系統由三大模塊組成：數據采集模塊、控制器模塊、顯示模塊。其中數據采集模塊完成對來自多通道稱重傳感器的電壓信號的檢測、放大、AD轉換。此時的數字信號送給控制器處理，由控制器完成對超聲霧化器在單位時間內藥水量的減少量的的判斷、計算、顯示等功能。此系統精度高，可靠性好，可以滿足超聲霧化器生產廠家和醫療器械監督局對超聲霧化器霧化率合格率的測試要求，具有很好的實用價值。
關鍵詞：超聲霧化器；霧化率；智能化識別；稱重傳感器；模塊
中圖分類號：TP216 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0139-03
Design of multi-channels ultrasonic vaporware vapor ratio measuring device
GAN De-cheng
（College of Life Science and Technology，University of Electronic Sciences and Technology, Chengdu，610054，China）
Abstract： This paper introduced a new type of intelligent multi channels ultrasonic vaporware measuring system. The design is made up of three modules：Data Sampling & Processing, Main Controlling Device and Displaying Module. The data sampling and processing module finishes voltage single detection，magnification and AD conversion from multi-channels weigh sensor，then deliver control device processing，and finish accounting，displaying decrement of liquid medicine in ultrasonic vaporware device. This system design is of high precision and credibility.It suits demand of detecting manufacturer and medical treatment instrument supervise bureau quite well.
Key words： Ultrasonic vaporware； Vapor ratio； Weigh sensor； Intelligentize identify； Modual
47.精確設定瑞利干涉儀補償器的偏轉角
唐晉娥， 張秀榮（山西大學物理實驗中心，山西 太原 030006）
摘 要：瑞利干涉儀是測量液體、氣體折射率的精密儀器，但補償器的偏轉位置直接影響測量精度。從測量補償器不同偏轉角對應的光程差出發，對最佳補償范圍進行了測試，結果表明，補償器的最佳初始位置與水平方向的夾角為30°，最大補償角為5°。為瑞利干涉儀的準確測量提供了實驗參數。
關鍵詞：補償器；光程差；偏轉角；折射率；條紋
中圖分類號：O436.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-4984（2007）03-0142-03
Accurate settlement of the compensation angle of the compensator in rayleigh interferometer
TANG Jin-e， ZHANG Xiu-rong
（Centre of Physic Laboratory，Shanxi University， Taiyuan 030006，China）
Abstract: The Rayleigh interferometer is a precise instrument that can be used to survey the refractive index of liquid and gas. However， the deflection position of the compensator influence the accuracy of measurement directly. On the basis of testing a series of optical distance difference corresponding with the deflection angle of compensator， the article discussed the optimum compensation scope. The results indicate that the position with a deflection angle of 30 degrees from the horizontal direction is the best initial position of the compensator. The largest compensation angle of our experiment is 5 degree and the experiment offers the experimental parameters for accurate survey through the Rayleigh interferometer.
Key words: Compensator； Optical distance difference； Deflection angle； Refracting rate； Stripe
